X iv : n uc l - th / 0 31 10 50 v 4 3 0 Ju l 2 00 4 Regularities of Many - body Systems Interacting by a Two - body Random Ensemble
نویسنده
چکیده
The ground states of all even-even nuclei have angular momentum, I, equal to zero, I = 0, and positive parity, π = +. This feature was believed to be a consequence of the attractive short-range interaction between nucleons. However, in the presence of two-body random interactions, the predominance of I = 0 ground states (0 g.s.) was found to be robust both for bosons and for an even number of fermions. For simple systems, such as d bosons, sp bosons, sd bosons, and a few fermions in single-j shells for small j, there are a few approaches to predict and/or explain spin I ground state (I g.s.) probabilities. An empirical approach to predict I g.s. probabilities is available for general cases, such as fermions in a single-j (j > 7/2) or many-j shells and various boson systems, but a more fundamental understanding of the robustness of 0 g.s. dominance is still out of reach. Further interesting results are also reviewed concerning other robust phenomena of manybody systems in the presence of random two-body interactions, such as the odd-even staggering of binding energies, generic collectivity, the behavior of average energies, correlations, and regularities of many-body systems interacting by a displaced twobody random ensemble. PACS: 05.30.Fk, 05.45.-a, 21.60Cs, 24.60.Lz key words: I g.s. probabilities, 0 g.s. dominance, random interactions, correlation, collective motion, average energies.
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The ground states of all even-even nuclei have angular momentum, I, equal to zero, I = 0, and positive parity, π = +. This feature was believed to be a consequence of the attractive short-range interactions between nucleons. However, in the presence of two-body random interactions, the predominance of I = 0 ground states (0 g.s.) was found to be robust both for bosons and for an even number of ...
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